For example, if we go into a tunnel, we might
have experienced the fact that our body
all of a sudden look like a dead corpse. That’s because the light used in the tunnel
in many of them are based on sodium. They’re
called sodium lamps. What’s going on there, that inside the glass of that lamp
or light, we have the gas of sodium in it,
and the sodium emits light
of very particular color-Yellow. For a given chemical
element, we know exactly what color would come
out from the chemical element. At the same time, there are only colors that particular chemical
elementcan also absorb.
So one
element, specify colors, either absorption,
or emission. One chemical element
implies a very specific set of colors. So once we see these missing
black lines in the sunlight we can look at the particular color
of these missing lines and say, this is actually
iron. This is actually
chromium and so on. These missing lines
are like fingerprints of chemical elements that exist inside the sun. So by studying these missing lines, we can tell what the sun is made of. So, if we blow it up, you see many of
these lines, and we can identify each one of them to a particular
chemical element which you can study in the laboratory.
For example, this is magnesium; this is sodium, hydrogen, and iron.
We can see, all of
them have lines in different colors in different locations. So knowing these black lines,
the absorption lines in the sun, we can tell exactly
which line corresponds to which chemical element.
But it's not the whole complete story, so when you
think about, for example, our Sun, the only thing we can see is the surface of the Sun.
We can't
see straight into the interior or center of the
Sun directly because light doesn't penetrate
through it. That is one of the problems when
people asked the question why does the sun shine?
contd......
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